L’alimentation bio et la santé (pesticides, contaminants…) : que disent les études scientifiques ?
16 juin 2021 – Un tour d’horizon résumé sur les réglementations, beaucoup d’informations et de perspectives avec comparaisons internationales
00:00 Le bio en Europe et aux USA 04:05 Comparaison de la qualité nutritionnelle du bio/conventionnel 05:35 Variations naturelles de teneurs nutritionnelles 06:55 Le bio et les pesticides 08:53 Le bio, les mycotoxines et l’antibiorésistance 10:00 Le bio et les polluants organiques persistants 12:07 Essais cliniques sur le bio et la réduction de l’exposition aux pesticides 13:51 Bio et la santé (études observationnelles) 15:03 Les consommateurs bio 17:01 La relation de causalité
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Sources : ➣ Gashu D, Nalivata PC, Amede T, et al. The nutritional quality of cereals varies geospatially in Ethiopia and Malawi. Nature. 2021;594(7861):71-76. doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03559-3 ➣ Règlement (UE) 2018/848 du Parlement européen et du Conseil du 30 mai 2018 relatif à la production biologique et à l’étiquetage des produits biologiques, et abrogeant le règlement (CE) no 834/2007 du Conseil eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-…… ➣ Innes GK, Nachman KE, Abraham AG, et al. Contamination of Retail Meat Samples with Multidrug-Resistant Organisms in Relation to Organic and Conventional Production and Processing: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Data from the United States National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System, 2012-2017. Environ Health Perspect. 2021;129(5):57004. doi:10.1289/EHP7327 ➣ EFSA (European Food Safety Authority), Carrasco Cabrera L and Medina Pastor P, 2021. The 2019 European Union report on pesticide residues in food. EFSA Journal 2021;19(4):6491, 89pp efsa.onlinelibrary.wiley…… ➣ Dangour, A. D., Dodhia, S. K., Hayter, A., Allen, E., Lock, K., & Uauy, R. (2009). Nutritional quality of organic foods: a systematic review. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 90(3), 680–685. doi:10.3945/ajcn.2009.28041 ➣ Smith-Spangler, C., Brandeau, M. L., Hunter, G. E., Bavinger, J. C., Pearson, M., Eschbach, P. J., … Bravata, D. M. (2012). Are Organic Foods Safer or Healthier Than Conventional Alternatives? Annals of Internal Medicine, 157(5), 348. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-157-5-201209040-00007 ➣ Dominika Średnicka-Tober et al. Higher PUFA and n-3 PUFA, conjugated linoleic acid, α-tocopherol and iron, but lower iodine and selenium concentrations in organic milk: a systematic literature review and meta- and redundancy analyses – Br J Nutr. 2016 Mar 28; 115(6): 1043–1060 ➣ Średnicka-Tober, D., Barański, M., Seal, C., Sanderson, R., Benbrook, C., Steinshamn, H., … Leifert, C. (2016). Composition differences between organic and conventional meat: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis. British Journal of Nutrition, 115(06), 994–1011. doi:10.1017/s0007114515005073 ➣ Palupi, E., Jayanegara, A., Ploeger, A., & Kahl, J. (2012). Comparison of nutritional quality between conventional and organic dairy products: a meta-analysis. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 92(14), 2774–2781. doi:10.1002/jsfa.5639 ➣ Ferlay, J., Colombet, M., Soerjomataram, I., Dyba, T., Randi, G., Bettio, M., … Bray, F. (2018). Cancer incidence and mortality patterns in Europe: Estimates for 40 countries and 25 major cancers in 2018. European Journal of Cancer. doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2018.07.005 ➣https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statist… ➣ Bradbury KE et al. Organic food consumption and the incidence of cancer in a large prospective study of women in the United Kingdom. Br J Cancer. 2014 Apr 29;110(9):2321-6 ➣ Kesse-Guyot et al. Prospective association between consumption frequency of organic food and body weight change, risk of overweight or obesity: results from the NutriNet-Santé Study. Br J Nutr. 2017 Jan;117(2):325-334 ➣ Sun, Y., Liu, B., Du, Y., Snetselaar, L., Sun, Q., Hu, F., & Bao, W. (2018). Inverse Association between Organic Food Purchase and Diabetes Mellitus in US Adults. Nutrients, 10(12), 1877. doi:10.3390/nu10121877 ➣ Torjusen, H., Brantsaeter, A. L., Haugen, M., Alexander, J., Bakketeig, L. S., Lieblein, G., … Meltzer, H. M. (2014). Reduced risk of pre-eclampsia with organic vegetable consumption: results from the prospective Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study. BMJ Open, 4(9), e006143–e006143. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006143 ➣ Brantsæter, A. L., Ydersbond, T. A., Hoppin, J. A., Haugen, M., & Meltzer, H. M. (2017). Organic Food in the Diet: Exposure and Health Implications. Annual Review of Public Health, 38(1), 295–313. doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031816-044437